A mortgage is a legal agreement that conveys the conditional right of ownership on an asset or property by its owner (the mortgagor) to a lender (the mortgagee) as security for a loan. They are used by individuals and businesses to make large real estate purchases without paying the entire price up front. Over a period of years the borrower repays the loan, plus interest, until it is eventually paid off. If the borrower stops paying the mortgage, the mortgage holder can foreclose.
The lender’s security interest is recorded in the register of title documents to make it public information, and is voided when the loan is repaid in full.
Virtually any legally owned property can be mortgaged, although real property (land and buildings) are the most common. When personal property (appliances, cars, jewelry, etc.) is mortgaged, it is called a chattel mortgage.
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